Z. Movahedi; A. Moieni
Abstract
In Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), leaf and root are the most important medicinal organs containing valuable secondary metabolites. In this research, the effect of foliar application of iron chelate and nano chelate fertilizers on morpho-physiological characteristics of chicory was studied in the aeroponic ...
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In Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), leaf and root are the most important medicinal organs containing valuable secondary metabolites. In this research, the effect of foliar application of iron chelate and nano chelate fertilizers on morpho-physiological characteristics of chicory was studied in the aeroponic system.This system is a very suitable method for investigating the effect of nutrients and improving growth and development in different plants under controlled conditions. Experimental treatments included water (control), iron chelate (0.5, 1 and 1.5 g l-1) and iron nano chelate (0.5, 1 and 1.5 g l-1) fertilizers foliar application. Foliar spray was carried out at three stages including 20, 40 and 60 days after seed culture in the aeroponic system on leaf and root ina completely randomized design with five replications. After six months, some morphological and physiological traits were evaluated. The results of ANOVA indicated that the effect of different treatments was significant on plant height, root length, number and area of leaves, fresh and dry weight of root and shoot, photosynthetic pigments and iron content of root and shoot. The results of mean comparison showed that using 1.5 g l-1 of iron nano chelate resulted in the highest plant height (173.5 cm), root length (139.7 cm), root (65.2 g) and shoot (86.1 g) dry weight, leaf area (3448.5 mm2), chlorophylls a (2.43 mg g-1) and b (1.27 mg g-1) and carotenoid (1.25 mg g-1). The control treatment produced the lowest plant height (121.5 cm), root length (92.3 cm), root (15.1 g) and shoot (50.1 g) dry weight, leaf area (2259.6 mm2), chlorophylls a (1.46 mg g-1) and b (0.85 mg g-1) and carotenoid (0.76 mg g-1). In general, the results of this experiment showed a positive effect of iron nano chelate (with a concentration of 1.5 g l-1) foliar spray on the traits studied.
S. Khalili; A. Moieni; M. Abdoli
Abstract
Echinacea is one of the most important medicinal plants and an important source of cichoric acid. In this research, callus induction, indirect shoot regeneration, and shoot rooting of Echinacea angustifolia DC. were investigated. The effects of explant (leaf, petiole and root) and NAA concentrations ...
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Echinacea is one of the most important medicinal plants and an important source of cichoric acid. In this research, callus induction, indirect shoot regeneration, and shoot rooting of Echinacea angustifolia DC. were investigated. The effects of explant (leaf, petiole and root) and NAA concentrations (0.5, 1 and 1.5 mg l-1) on callus induction as well as the effects of explant (leaf, petiole and root) and BAP concentrations (3, 4 and 5 mg l-1) on the indirect shoot regeneration of callus were evaluated in two separated experiments. The study was conducted as factorial in a completely randomized design (CRD). The effects of IBA concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 mg l-1) on shoot rooting were also investigated in a completely randomized design. The effects of the factors studied on the callogenesis were not significant while these factors had significant effects on the shoot regeneration and rooting at 1% probability level. In general, the results indicated that the highest indirect shoot regeneration (72%) was obtained from the leaf explant and by the use of 4 mgl-1 BAP. In addition, the highest shoot rooting (38% and 40%) was obtained using 1 and 1.5 mgl-1 IBA. The good potential of this species for indirect shoot regeneration was shown in this research. These results can be used in micropropagation programs, gene transfer, and transgenic plants production.
F. Ahmadi; A. Moieni; S. Rashidi Monfared
Abstract
In this research, Echinacea purpurea L. hairy roots were cultured in 1000 ml bubble column bioreactor containing 500 ml WPM liquid medium and the effects of inoculum densities (3, 6 and 9g l-1) and aeration rates (0.1, 0.2 and 0.4vvm) on biomass and cichoric acid production were investigated. Fresh and ...
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In this research, Echinacea purpurea L. hairy roots were cultured in 1000 ml bubble column bioreactor containing 500 ml WPM liquid medium and the effects of inoculum densities (3, 6 and 9g l-1) and aeration rates (0.1, 0.2 and 0.4vvm) on biomass and cichoric acid production were investigated. Fresh and dry weights and also the cichoric acid content in hairy roots were measured after 30 days. The results showed that the highest amount of biomass (16.4g l-1 fresh weight and 2.084g l-1 dry weight) and cichoric acid (16.74mg g-1 DW) were produced in the inoculum density of 6 gl-1. The investigation of aeration rates on biomass and cichoric acid production showed that the maximum fresh weight (15.4g l-1) and dry weight (2.467g l-1) were obtained in aeration rate of 0.4vvm and the maximum cichoric acid content (12.74mg g-1 DW) was obtained in aeration rate of 0.2vvm. Overall, the inoculum density and aeration rate had considerable effects on the hairy root growth and development in bubble column bioreactor and they should be optimized for obtaining the highest hairy root biomass and secondary metabolites.
N. Javadian; Gh. Karimzadeh; M. Sharifi; A. Moeini; Zh. Tahsili
Abstract
Linum album Kotschy ex Boiss. is one of the endemic species of Linaceace family in Iran, having podophyllotoxin (PTOX) metabolite. This substance is a pharmaceutically important natural product belonging to the lignans group. It is used as a precursor for the synthesis of important anti-cancer drugs. ...
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Linum album Kotschy ex Boiss. is one of the endemic species of Linaceace family in Iran, having podophyllotoxin (PTOX) metabolite. This substance is a pharmaceutically important natural product belonging to the lignans group. It is used as a precursor for the synthesis of important anti-cancer drugs. Industrial production of this component is not economically feasible because of its complex chemical structure. Therefore, various strategies have been used to increase the production of PTOX in plants. In this study, tetraploidy was induced in nodal segments with different concentrations of oryzalin (0, 15, 25, 50 µM) for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. The results indicated that the viability and the number of produced shoots in each nodal segment were reduced by increasing concentrations and times of oryzalin. Tetraploid plants were identified by flow cytometry, and 2C DNA content of diploids and tetraploids were estimated to be 4.34 and 8.36 pg, respectively. The highest induction efficiency percentage (19%) of tetraploidy was achieved from 25 µM of oryzalin for 48 h. Tetraploid induction caused 1.66 and 1.48 fold-increase in PTOX content in the leaves and stems of tetraploids compared with those of diploids, respectively. The results of this study indicated that the induction of tetraploidy could be an effective technique to increase this valuable metabolite in Linum album.
K. Mahdavi Mashaki; A. Moieni; M. Jalali Javaran
Abstract
Rose is known as the queen of flowers. Rosa damask (Rosa damascena Mill.) is utilized as a main source of rose oil and rose water in Iran. Biotechnology methods are considered as a fast and efficient way to produce haploid plants and pure lines. Among the different methods, androgenesis is considered ...
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Rose is known as the queen of flowers. Rosa damask (Rosa damascena Mill.) is utilized as a main source of rose oil and rose water in Iran. Biotechnology methods are considered as a fast and efficient way to produce haploid plants and pure lines. Among the different methods, androgenesis is considered as the most effective procedure, due to its high quantity of microspores in the anthers. In the present study, the effect of medium composition was evaluated on anther culture in two ecotypes of Damask rose, and miniature rose. The results showed that the interaction between H1 medium and mid-uninucleate stage produced the highest callogenesis in Damask rose, Kashan ecotype. Furthermore, the results showed that removing ammonium nitrate and doubling potassium nitrate in the medium produced higher callogenesis. In miniature rose, the medium containing calcium chloride and calcium nitrate produced higher callogenesis. Also, the amino acids improved callogenesis in anther culture of Damask rose, and miniature rose. Moreover, glycine, glutamine and casein hydrolysate were more effective than other studied amino acids. Sucrose was a better sugar compared to sorbitol for callogenesis in the studied genotypes. The chromosome counting and flowcytometery results illustrated that the produced calli were tetraploid (28 chromosomes).
